www.prismmodelchecker.org

PRISM Bibliography

The following is a bibliography of PRISM-related papers. This includes both papers from the PRISM team and from elsewhere.

See also the separate lists of PRISM-related papers produced externally and by the PRISM team, and the list of selected PRISM papers.

If there is something we have omitted, please contact us.

 

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628 publications:

Case studies using PRISM

2021
2020
  • [KSHB20] Shamik Kundu, Ahmet Soyyiğit, Khaza Anuarul Hoque and Kanad Basu. High-level Modeling of Manufacturing Faults in Deep Neural Network Accelerators. In Proc. IEEE 26th International Symposium on On-Line Testing and Robust System Design (IOLTS'20). 2020. [Formally models and analyses faults in deep neural network accelerators using probabilistic model checking and PRISM.]
  • [GGS20] T. J. Glazier, D. Garlan and B. Schmerl. Automated Management of Collections of Autonomic Systems. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS'20), pages 82-91. 2020. [Proposes an automated approach to managing multiple autonomic systems, building upon PRISM-games. ]
  • [TH20] Iram Tariq Bhatti and Osman Hasan. Formal Verification of a Fully Automated Out-of-Plane Cell Injection System. In Proc. 21st International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED'20), pages 111-116. 2020. [Uses probabilistic model checking and PRISM to analyse the functional correctness and performance of a fully automated out-of-plane cell injection system.]
  • [MACD20] Nabor C. Mendonça, Carlos Mendes Aderaldo, Javier Cámara and David Garlan. Model-Based Analysis of Microservice Resiliency Patterns. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA'20). 2020. [Uses PRISM to model and analyse the behaviour of two popular microservice resiliency patterns: Retry and Circuit Breaker.]
  • [NSZD20] Jordi Navarrette, Subash Shankar, Xiaojie Zhang and Saptarshi Debroy. Formal Modeling and Analysis of Multi-Rogue Backoff Manipulation Attacks in Unlicensed Networks. In Proc. 16th International Conference on the Design of Reliable Communication Networks (DRCN'20), IEEE. 2020. [Analyses multi-rogue backoff manipulation attack strategies in secondary wireless networks using probabilistic model checking and PRISM.]
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Underlying techniques in PRISM

2020
  • [KNPS20c] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker and Gabriel Santos. Automatic Verification of Concurrent Stochastic Systems. Formal Methods in System Design, Springer. To appear. 2020. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes verification techniques for concurrent stochastic games, and implements and evaluates them in an extension of PRISM-games. ]
  • [KNPS20b] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker and Gabriel Santos. Multi-player Equilibria Verification for Concurrent Stochastic Games. In Proc. 17th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems (QEST'20), Springer. August 2020. [pdf] [bib] [Presents techniques for model checking CSGs against equilibria-based properties over multiple coalitions, implemented in PRISM-games.]
2019
  • [KNP19] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Verification and Control of Turn-Based Probabilistic Real-Time Games. In The Art of Modelling Computational Systems: A Journey from Logic and Concurrency to Security and Privacy (Essays Dedicated to Catuscia Palamidessi on the Occasion of Her 60th Birthday), volume 11760 of LNCS, pages 379-396, Springer. November 2019. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes techniques for verifying probabilistic real-time games building on methods implemented in PRISM-games.]
  • [KNPS19] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker and Gabriel Santos. Equilibria-based Probabilistic Model Checking for Concurrent Stochastic Games. In Proc. 23rd International Symposium on Formal Methods (FM'19), volume 11800 of LNCS, pages 298-315, Springer. October 2019. [pdf] [bib] [Develops verification methods for stochastic games using Nash equilibria, implemented in PRISM-games.]
2018
  • [KNPS18] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker and Gabriel Santos. Automated Verification of Concurrent Stochastic Games. In Proc. 15th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems (QEST'18), volume 11024 of LNCS, pages 223-239, Springer. September 2018. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes verification techniques for concurrent stochastic games, and implements and evaluates them in an extension of PRISM-games.]
2017
2016
  • [Dan16] Frits Dannenberg. Modelling and verification for DNA nanotechnology. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford. 2016. [pdf] [bib] [Develops models of DNA nanotechnology designs, based on continuous-time Markov chains, and associated model checking techniques.]
  • [vEJPV16] Christian von Essen, Barbara Jobstmann, David Parker and Rahul Varshneya. Synthesizing Efficient Systems in Probabilistic Environments. Acta Informatica, 53(4), pages 425–457, Springer. June 2016. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes efficient techniques for synthesising strategies in Markov decision processes against ratio objectives, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
  • [KPR16] Nishanthan Kamaleson, David Parker and Jonathan E. Rowe. Finite-Horizon Bisimulation Minimisation for Probabilistic Systems. In Proc. 2016 International Symposium on Model Checking of Software (SPIN'16), volume 9641 of LNCS, pages 147-164, Springer. April 2016. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes a finite-horizon variant of probabilistic bisimulation and implements various associated minimisation algorithms in an extension of PRISM.]
2015
  • [DFK+15] Klaus Draeger, Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker and Mateusz Ujma. Permissive Controller Synthesis for Probabilistic Systems. Logical Methods in Computer Science, 11(2). 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes techniques for permissive controller synthesis on stochastic games, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
  • [Ujm15] Mateusz Ujma. On Verification and Controller Synthesis for Probabilistic Systems at Runtime. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford. 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Develops various techniques for probabilistic verification and controller synthesis at runtime: incremental model checking, permissive controller synthesis and learning-based controller synthesis.]
  • [Wil15] Clemens Wiltsche. Assume-Guarantee Strategy Synthesis for Stochastic Games. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford. 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Develops strategy synthesis techniques for stochastic games, in particular, compositional methods based on assume-guarantee rules.]
  • [LPH15] Bruno Lacerda, David Parker and Nick Hawes. Optimal Policy Generation for Partially Satisfiable Co-Safe LTL Specifications. In Proc. 24th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI'15), pages 1587-1593, IJCAI/AAAI. August 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes techniques for synthesising optimal policies in MDPs, building on multi-objective probabilistic model checking and PRISM, and applies them to robot task planning.]
  • [BBDL+15] Tomas Babiak, Frantisek Blahoudek, Alexandre Duret-Lutz, Joachim Klein, Jan Kretinsky, David Muller, David Parker and Jan Strejcek. The Hanoi Omega-Automata Format. In Proc. 27th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'15), volume 9206 of LNCS, pages 479-486, Springer. July 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes an exchange format for omega automata, and describes implemented support in a variety of tools, including PRISM.]
  • [BKTW15] Nicolas Basset, Marta Kwiatkowska, Ufuk Topcu and Clemens Wiltsche. Strategy Synthesis for Stochastic Games with Multiple Long-Run Objectives. In Proc. 21st International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'15), volume 9035 of LNCS, pages 256-271, Springer. April 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes strategy synthesis for stochastic games with multiple long-run objectives, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
2014
  • [CDKP14] Milan Ceska, Frits Dannenberg, Marta Kwiatkowska and Nicola Paoletti. Precise Parameter Synthesis for Stochastic Biochemical Systems. In Proc. 12th International Conference on Computational Methods in Systems Biology (CMSB'14), volume 8859 of LNCS/LNBI, pages 86-98, Springer. November 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes parameter synthesis techniques for CSL properties on stochastic biochemical networks, to implemented in PRISM.]
  • [BKW14] Nicolas Basset, Marta Kwiatkowska and Clemens Wiltsche. Compositional Controller Synthesis for Stochastic Games. In P. Baldan and D. Gorla (editors), Proc. 25th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR'14), volume 8704 of LNCS, pages 173-187, Springer. September 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes compositional assume-guarantee strategy synthesis techniques for stochastic 2-player games.]
  • [Sim14] Aistis Simaitis. Automatic Verification of Competitive Stochastic Systems. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford. March 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Presents novel techniques for verification using stochastic multi-player games and implements them in PRISM-games, an extension of PRISM.]
2013
  • [KNPQ13] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman, David Parker and Hongyang Qu. Compositional Probabilistic Verification through Multi-Objective Model Checking. Information and Computation, 232, pages 38-65, Elsevier. November 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Presents assume-guarantee verification techniques for probabilistic automata, implemented as an extension of PRISM.]
  • [DHK13] Frits Dannenberg, Ernst Moritz Hahn and Marta Kwiatkowska. Computing Cumulative Rewards using Fast Adaptive Uniformisation. In Proc. 11th International Conference on Computational Methods in Systems Biology (CMSB'13), volume 8130 of LNCS, pages 33-49, Springer. September 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Develops fast adaptive uniformisation techniques for cumulative reward properties, implemented in PRISM.]
  • [CFK+13b] Taolue Chen, Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker and Aistis Simaitis. Automatic Verification of Competitive Stochastic Systems. Formal Methods in System Design, 43(1), pages 61-92, Springer. August 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Introduces model checking techniques for stochastic multi-player games, implemented in the PRISM-games tool.]
  • [CFK+13c] Taolue Chen, Vojtech Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, Aistis Simaitis and Clemens Wiltsche. On Stochastic Games with Multiple Objectives. In Proc. 38th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS'13), volume 8087 of LNCS, pages 266-277, Springer. August 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Studies strategy synthesis and Pareto set approximation for multiple reward objectives in stochastic 2-player games.]
  • [CKSW13] Taolue Chen, Marta Kwiatkowska, Aistis Simaitis and Clemens Wiltsche. Synthesis for Multi-Objective Stochastic Games: An Application to Autonomous Urban Driving. In Proc. 10th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems (QEST'13), volume 8054 of LNCS, pages 322-337, Springer. August 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes multi-objective strategy synthesis techniques for stochastic games, implemented in PRISM-games, and applies them to an autonomous vehicle case study.]
2012
  • [FKP12] Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska and David Parker. Pareto Curves for Probabilistic Model Checking. In Proc. 10th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (ATVA'12), volume 7561 of LNCS, pages 317-332, Springer. October 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Describes new techniques for multi-objective probabilistic model checking using Pareto curves, implemented in PRISM.]
  • [CFK+12b] Taolue Chen, Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, Aistis Simaitis, Ashutosh Trivedi and Michael Ummels. Playing Stochastic Games Precisely. In 23rd International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR'12), volume 7454 of LNCS, pages 348-363, Springer. September 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes model checking techniques for stochastic games against temporal logic properties with precise bounds, as implemented in PRISM-games.]
  • [CFK+12] Taolue Chen, Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker and Aistis Simaitis. Automatic Verification of Competitive Stochastic Systems. In Proc. 18th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'12), volume 7214 of LNCS, pages 315-330, Springer. March 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Introduces model checking techniques for stochastic multi-player games, implemented in the PRISM-games tool.]
2010
2009
  • [KNP09c] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Stochastic Games for Verification of Probabilistic Timed Automata. In Proc. 7th International Conference on Formal Modeling and Analysis of Timed Systems (FORMATS'09), volume 5813 of LNCS, pages 212-227, Springer. September 2009. [pdf] [bib] [Presents game-based abstraction-refinement techniques for verifying PTAs, implemented in PRISM.]
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Extensions and adaptions to PRISM

2020
  • [PTHH20] Kittiphon Phalakarn, Toru Takisaka, Thomas Haas and Ichiro Hasuo. Widest Paths and Global Propagation in Bounded Value Iteration for Stochastic Games. In Proc. 32nd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'20), volume 12225 of LNCS, pages 349-371, Springer. 2020. [bib] [Develops a bounded value iteration technique for accurate solution of stochastic games, implemented as an extension of PRISM-games.]
  • [RWWDV20] Nima Roohi, Yu Wang, Matthew West, Geir E. Dullerud and Mahesh Viswanathan. STMC: Statistical Model Checker with Stratified and Antithetic Sampling. In Proc. 32nd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'20), volume 12225 of LNCS, pages 448-460, Springer. 2020. [bib] [Proposes a technique and tool for statistical model checking using antithetic and stratified sampling, built as an extension of PRISM.]
  • [WLKV20] Andrew M. Wells, Morteza Lahijanian, Lydia E. Kavraki and Moshe Y. Vardi. LTL_f Synthesis on Probabilistic Systems. In Proc. Int’l Symposium on Games, Automata, Logics, and Formal Verification (GandALF'20). 2020. [Presents techniques for finite-trace LTL and MDPs, with an implementation built on PRISM.]
  • [CKWW20] Krishnendu Chatterjee, Joost-Pieter Katoen, Maximilian Weininger and Tobias Winkler. Stochastic Games with Lexicographic Reachability-Safety Objectives. In Proc. 32nd International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'20), volume 12225 of LNCS, pages 398-420, Springer. 2020. [Develops a solving lexicographic reachability-safety objectives on stochastic games, implemented as an extension of PRISM-games.]
  • [IIZ20] Azlan Ismail, Susanti Intu and Suzana Zambri. A GUI-driven prototype for synthesizing self-adaptation decision. Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics. 2020. [Proposes a decision-making approach for self-adapative systems implemented on top of PRISM-games.]
2019
2018
2017
2016
  • [BBBK16] Benoit Barbot, Nicolas Basset, Marc Beunardeau and Marta Kwiatkowska. Uniform Sampling for Timed Automata with Application to Language Inclusion Measurement. In Proc. 13th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems (QEST 2016), volume 9826 of LNCS, pages 175-190, Springer. 2016. [pdf] [bib] [Develops Monte Carlo model checking techniques for timed automata using PRISM, SageMath and COSMOS.]
  • [KBC+16] Joachim Klein, Christel Baier, Philipp Chrszon, Marcus Daum, Clemens Dubslaff, Sascha Klüppelholz and Steffen Märcker, David Müller. Advances in Symbolic Probabilistic Model Checking with PRISM. In Proc. 22nd International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'16), pages 349-366, Springer. 2016. [Presents a collection of extensions to PRISM, including automatic variable reordering, reward-based properties and automata improvements. ]
  • [KKR16] Lubos Korenciak, Antonin Kucera and Vojtech Rehak. Efficient Timeout Synthesis in Fixed-Delay CTMC Using Policy Iteration. In Proc. 24th IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS'16). 2016. [Proposes fixed-delay synthesis techniques on a variant of continuous-time Markov chains, implemented as an extension of PRISM.]
  • [CPPBK16] Milan Ceska, Petr Pilar, Nicola Paoletti, Lubos Brim and Marta Kwiatkowska. PRISM-PSY: Precise GPU-Accelerated Parameter Synthesis for Stochastic Systems. In Proc. 22nd International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'16), Springer. To appear. April 2016. [pdf] [bib] [Introduces an extension of PRISM in the form of GPU-accelerated tool for parameter synthesis of stochastic systems. ]
2015
  • [BDE+15] Christel Baier, Marcus Daum, Benjamin Engel, Hermann Härtig, Joachim Klein, Sascha Klüppelholz, Steffen Märcker, Hendrik Tews and Marcus Völp. Locks: Picking key methods for a scalable quantitative analysis. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 81(1), pages 258-287. 2015. [Extends PRISM with support for conditional steady-state queries and then analyses models of low-level operating-system code, using a test-and-test-and-set (TTS) lock as an example.]
  • [BCFK15] Tomáš Brázdil, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Vojtěch Forejt and Antonín Kučera. MultiGain: A controller synthesis tool for MDPs with multiple mean-payoff objectives. In Proc. 21st International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'15), volume 9035 of LNCS, pages 181-187, Springer. 2015. [Presents a tool for multi-objective model checking of mean-payoff properties MDPs, building on several PRISM components.]
  • [NPZ15] Gethin Norman, David Parker and Xueyi Zou. Verification and Control of Partially Observable Probabilistic Real-Time Systems. In Proc. 13th International Conference on Formal Modelling and Analysis of Timed Systems (FORMATS'15), volume 9268 of LNCS, pages 240-255, Springer. September 2015. [pdf] [bib] [Develops techniques for verification and controller synthesis on a partially observable variant of probabilistic timed automata, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
2014
2013
  • [Tsa13] Tony Tsang. Performance Analysis for QoS-Aware Two- Layer Scheduling in LTE Networks. International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS), 2(2). 2013. [Uses an extension of PRISM's simulator to solve scheduling and resource allocation problems.]
  • [PBU13] Esteban Pavese, Víctor Braberman and Sebastián Uchitel. Automated reliability estimation over partial systematic explorations. In Proc. 35th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE'13). 2013. [Presents a method for formal reliability estimation using simulation, invariant inference and probabilistic model checking, and building upon PRISM.]
  • [Fen13] Lu Feng. On Learning Assumptions for Compositional Verification of Probabilistic Systems. Ph.D. thesis, University of Oxford. October 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Develops several assume-guarantee techniques for compositional probabilistic verification using automatic generation of assumptions. Implements the techniques using various extensions of PRISM.]
  • [CHH+13] Taolue Chen, Ernst Moritz Hahn, Tingting Han, Marta Kwiatkowska, Hongyang Qu and Lijun Zhang. Model Repair for Markov Decision Processes. In Proc. 7th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Software Engineering (TASE'13), pages 85--92, IEEE. July 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes approximate solution methods for the problem of model repair on Markov decision processes, implemented as an extension of PRISM.]
2012
  • [HMZ+12] David Henriques, Joao G. Martins, Paolo Zuliani, André Platzer and Edmund M. Clarke. Statistical Model Checking for Markov Decision Processes. In Proc. 9th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems (QEST'12). 2012. [Develops techniques for statistical model checking of MDPs, built with an extension to PRISM's simulation engine.]
  • [WB12] Anton Wijs and Dragan Bosnacki. Improving GPU Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiplication for Probabilistic Model Checking. In A. Donaldson and D. Parker (editors), Proc. 19th International SPIN Workshop on Model Checking of Software (SPIN'12), volume 7385 of LNCS, pages 98-116, Springer. 2012.
  • [BDE+12] Christel Baier, Marcus Daum, Benjamin Engel, Hermann Härtig, Joachim Klein, Sascha Klüppelholz, Steffen Märcker, Hendrik Tews and Marcus Völp. Waiting for Locks: How Long Does It Usually Take?. In Proc. 17th International Workshop on Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems (FMICS'12). 2012. [Extends PRISM with support for conditional steady-state queries and then analyses models of low-level operating-system code, using a test-and-test-and-set (TTS) lock as an example.]
  • [vEJ12] Christian von Essen and Barbara Jobstmann. Synthesizing Efficient Controllers. In Proc. 13th International Conference on Verification, Model Checking and Abstract Interpretation (VMCAI'12), volume 7148 of LNCS, pages 428-444, Springer. 2012. [bib] [Presents MDP-based controller synthesis techniques for ratio objectives and implements them in an extension of PRISM.]
  • [GR12] Sergio Giro and Markus Rabe. Verification of Partial-Information Probabilistic Systems using Counterexample-Guided Refinements. In Proc. 10th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (ATVA'12), volume 7561 of LNCS, pages 333-348, Springer. October 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Describes new techniques for model checking MDPs under partial-information schedulers, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
  • [FKP+12] Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker, Hongyang Qu and Mateusz Ujma. Incremental Runtime Verification of Probabilistic Systems. In Proc. 3rd International Conference on Runtime Verification (RV'12), volume 7686 of LNCS, pages 314-319, Springer. September 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes incremental methods for runtime probabilistic model checking, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
  • [Gir12] Sergio Giro. Efficient Computation of Exact Solutions for Quantitative Model Checking. In Proc. 10th Workshop on Quantitative Aspects of Programming Languages (QAPL'12), volume 85 of EPTCS, pages 17-32. March 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Investigates exact-arithmetic model checking methods for MDPs, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
2011
2010
2009
2008
  • [ZHHW08] L. Zhang, H. Hermanns, E. M. Hahn and B. Wachter. Time-bounded model checking of infinite-state continuous-time Markov chains. In Proc. 8th International Conference on Application of Concurrency to System Design (ACSD'08), pages 98-107. 2008. [bib]
  • [RPNdA08] Pritam Roy, David Parker, Gethin Norman and Luca de Alfaro. Symbolic Magnifying Lens Abstraction in Markov Decision Processes. In Proc. 5th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems (QEST'08), pages 103-112, IEEE CS Press. September 2008. [pdf] [bib] [Presents a symbolic version of magnifying lens abstraction, implemented as an extension of PRISM.]
  • [KKNP08a] Mark Kattenbelt, Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Game-Based Probabilistic Predicate Abstraction in PRISM. In Proc. 6th Workshop on Quantitative Aspects of Programming Languages (QAPL'08), volume 220 (3) of Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science , pages 5-21 , Elsevier. March 2008. [ps.gz] [pdf] [bib] [Develops predicate abstraction techniques for PRISM, using SMT and game-based abstraction.]
2007
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Tool/language connections to PRISM

2021
  • [EP21] Alexandros Evangelidis and David Parker. Quantitative Verification of Kalman Filters. Formal Aspects of Computing, Springer. To appear. 2021. [pdf] [bib] [Builds a framework for quantitative verification of Kalman filters on top of PRISM. ]
2020
  • [LCGS20] Nianyu Li, Javier Cámara, David Garlan and Bradley Schmerl. Reasoning about When to Provide Explanation for Human-involved Self-Adaptive Systems. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS'20). 2020. [Reasons about self-adaptive systems with human involvement using probabilistic model checking and PRISM-games.]
  • [RMT+20] Michael Raitza, Steffen Märcker, Jens Trommer, André Heinzig, Sascha Klüppelholz, Christel Baier and Akash Kumar. Quantitative Characterization of Reconfigurable Transistor Logic Gates. IEEE Access. 2020. [Presents formal analysis techniques for logic gates using probabilistic model checking and a toolchain based on PRISM.]
  • [BP20b] Edoardo Bacci and David Parker. Probabilistic Guarantees for Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning. In Proc. 18th International Conference on Formal Modelling and Analysis of Timed Systems (FORMATS'20), volume 12288 of LNCS, pages 231-248, Springer. September 2020. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes techniques for probabilistic verification of deep reinforcement learning policies, using PRISM as an underlying model checker.]
2019
  • [DKT19] Clemens Dubslaff , Patrick Koopmann and Anni-Yasmin Turhan. Ontology-Mediated Probabilistic Model Checking. In Proc. International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods (IFM'19). 2019. [Presents an ontology-mediated approach to probabilistic model checking, building upon PRISM for the implementation.]
  • [NMMZZ19] Thakur Neupane, Chris J. Myers, Curtis Madsen, Hao Zheng and Zhen Zhang. STAMINA: STochastic Approximate Model-checker for INfinite-state Analysis. In Proc. 31st International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV'19), volume 11561 of LNCS, pages 540-549, Springer. 2019. [Describes a tool for probabilistic verification of infinite-state systems, connecting to PRISM's model checking engines.]
  • [TAB+19] Martin Tappler, Bernhard K. Aichernig, Giovanni Bacci, Maria Eichlseder and Kim G. Larsen. L*-Based Learning of Markov Decision Processes. In Proc. 23rd International Symposium on Formal Methods (FM'19), volume 11800 of LNCS, pages 651-669, Springer. 2019. [Performs probabilistic model checking with PRISM as part of an MDP learning framework.]
  • [EK19] Julia Eisentraut and Jan Kretinsky. Expected Cost Analysis of Attack-Defense Trees. In Proc. 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems (QEST'19), volume 11785 of LNCS, pages 203-221, Springer. 2019. [bib] [Presents an approach to analysing attack-defence trees using PRISM-games for model checking stochastic games.]
  • [KDL19] Gildas Kouko, Josée Desharnais and François Laviolette. Finite Approximation of LMPs for Exact Verification of Reachability Properties. In Proc. 16th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems (QEST'19), volume 11785 of LNCS, pages 70-87, Springer. 2019. [Proposes techniques for approximate verification of labelled Markov processes using PRISM as an underlying solver.]
  • [AGK+19] J. Aldrich, D. Garlan, C. Kaestner, C. Le Goues, A. Mohseni-Kabir, I. Ruchkin, S. Samuel, B. Schmerl, C. S. Timperley, M. Veloso, I. Voysey, J. Biswas, A. Guha, J. Holtz, J. Camara and P. Jamshidi. Model-Based Adaptation for Robotics Software. IEEE Software, 36(2), pages 83-90, IEEE. 2019. [Summarises the Model-based Adaptation for Robotics Software (MARS) project; PRISM is used as one of the underlying solvers to verify task plans and architecture reconfigurations.]
2018
2017
2016
  • [CJP16] Radu Calinescu, Kenneth Johnson and Colin Paterson. FACT: A Probabilistic Model Checker for Formal Verification with Confidence Intervals. In Proc. TACAS'16, volume 9636 of LNCS, pages 540-546, Springer. 2016. [Presents a model checker for computing confidence intervals, building on PRISM's parametric model checking functionality.]
  • [CDKB16] Philipp Chrszon, Clemens Dubslaff, Sascha Klüppelholz and Christel Baier. Family-Based Modeling and Analysis for Probabilistic Systems - Featuring ProFeat. In Proc. 19th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering (FASE'16), volume 9633 of LNCS, pages 287-304, Springer. 2016. [Proposes a formalism for modelling families of probabilistic systems with differing features and a tool for their analysis, which connects to PRISM through model translations.]
  • [MRAAB16] Danilo Filgueira Mendonça, Genaína Nunes Rodriguesa, Raian Alib, Vander Alvesa and Luciano Baresi. GODA: A goal-oriented requirements engineering framework for runtime dependability analysis. Information and Software Technology, 80, pages 245–264, Elsevier. 2016. [Proposes GODA, a goal-oriented requirements engineering framework for runtime dependability analysis, which uses probabilistic model checking and PRISM for underlying analysis. ]
  • [ANP16] Zaruhi Aslanyan, Flemming Nielson and David Parker. Quantitative Verification and Synthesis of Attack-Defence Scenarios. In Proc. 29th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (CSF'16), pages 105-119, IEEE. June 2016. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes formal verification techniques for attack-defence scenarios based on model checking of stochastic games and building on the PRISM-games tool.]
2015
  • [KG15] Savas Konur and Marian Gheorghe. A Property-Driven Methodology for Formal Analysis of Synthetic Biology Systems. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Informatics. 2015. [Proposes a framework for formal analysis of synthetic biology systems, which includes use of PRISM for probabilistic model checking.]
  • [TTL14] Anton Tarasyuk, Elena Troubitsyna and Linas Laibinis. Integrating stochastic reasoning into Event-B development. Formal Aspects of Computing, 27, pages 53–77. 2015. [Describes an extension of Event-B for stochastic reasoning, using PRISM to perform probability calculations.]
  • [NS15] Bojan Nokovic and Emil Sekerinski. A Holistic Approach in Embedded System Development. In Proc. 2nd International Workshop on Formal Integrated Development Environment (F-IDE'15). 2015. [Presents pState, a tool for development of embedded systems, which uses PRISM for model analysis and verification.]
  • [CGJ+15] Radu Calinescu, Carlo Ghezzi, Kenneth Johnson, Mauro Pezzé, Yasmin Rafiq and Giordano Tamburrelli. Formal Verification With Confidence Intervals to Establish Quality of Service Properties of Software Systems. IEEE Transactions on Reliability. 2015. [Uses PRISM as part of a tool chain formally verify QoS properties of software systems.]
  • [CGLG15] Zack Coker, David Garlan and Claire Le Goues. SASS: Self-adaptation using stochastic search. In Proc. 10th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS'15). 2015. [Proposes the use of stochastic search techniques for self-adaptive systems, illustrated with a genetic algorithm that uses PRISM to compute fitness functions.]
  • [CGB15] Radu Calinescu, Simos Gerasimou and Alec Banks. Self-Adaptive Software with Decentralised Control Loops. In Proc. 18th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering (FASE'15). 2015. [Presents an approach for decentralised control of self-adaptive systems, using PRISM as an underlying model checker.]
  • [NSG+15] Athanasios Naskos, Emmanouela Stachtiari, Anastasios Gounaris, Panagiotis Katsaros, Dimitrios Tsoumakos, Ioannis Konstantinou and Spyros Sioutas. Dependable Horizontal Scaling Based On Probabilistic Model Checking. In Proc. 15th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGrid'15). 2015. [Uses probabilistic model checking and PRISM for cloud elasticity, i.e. on-demand resource provisioning in cloud computing.]
  • [PLK+15] Jaime Pulido Fentanes, Bruno Lacerda, Tomas Krajnik, Nick Hawes and Marc Hanheide. Now or later? Predicting and Maximising Success of Navigation Actions from Long-Term Experience. In Proc. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA'14). 2015. [Proposes novel approaches to predicting changes in a robot's environment, applied to a probabilistic planning framework using PRISM as an underlying solver.]
  • [LMO15] Gabriele Lenzini, Sjouke Mauw and Samir Ouchani. Security Analysis of Socio-Technical Physical Systems. Computers & Electrical Engineering, Elsevier. 2015. [Proposes an approach to detect and quantify attacks in socio-technical physical systems, using a mapping to PRISM.]
  • [GTC15] Simos Gerasimou, Giordano Tamburrelli and Radu Calinescu. Search-Based Synthesis of Probabilistic Models for Quality-of-Service Software Engineering. In Proc. 30th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE'15). 2015. [Proposes search-based software engineering techniques using multi-objective optimisation, implemented in the EvoChecker tool which performs model analysis using PRISM.]
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
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2005
2004
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2002

PRISM tool papers

2020
2019
  • [HKPQR19] Arnd Hartmanns, Michaela Klauck, David Parker, Tim Quatmann and Enno Ruijters. The Quantitative Verification Benchmark Set. In Proc. 25th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'19), volume 11427 of LNCS, pages 344-350, Springer. April 2019. [pdf] [bib] [Presents a benchmark suite for quantitative verification, include a selection of models/properties for use in PRISM.]
  • [HHH+19] Ernst Moritz Hahn, Arnd Hartmanns, Christian Hensel, Michaela Klauck, Joachim Klein, Jan Křetínský, David Parker, Tim Quatmann, Enno Ruijters and Marcel Steinmetz. The 2019 Comparison of Tools for the Analysis of Quantitative Formal Models (QComp 2019 Competition Report). In Proc. 25th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'19), volume 11429 of LNCS, pages 69-92, Springer. April 2019. [pdf] [bib] [Summarises the first Quantitative Formal Models competition (QComp) featuring PRISM and 8 other tools.]
2018
2016
2013
  • [CFK+13] Taolue Chen, Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker and Aistis Simaitis. PRISM-games: A Model Checker for Stochastic Multi-Player Games. In Proc. 19th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'13), volume 7795 of LNCS, pages 185-191, Springer. March 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Introduces PRISM-games, a model checker for stochastic multi-player games.]
2011
2006
  • [HKNP06] Andrew Hinton, Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. PRISM: A Tool for Automatic Verification of Probabilistic Systems. In H. Hermanns and J. Palsberg (editors), Proc. 12th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'06), volume 3920 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 441-444, Springer. March 2006. [ps.gz] [pdf] [bib] [Tool paper describing PRISM.]
2004
2002
  • [KNP02a] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. PRISM: Probabilistic Symbolic Model Checker. In T. Field, P. Harrison, J. Bradley and U. Harder (editors), Proc. TOOLS 2002, volume 2324 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 200-204, Springer. April 2002. [ps.gz] [pdf] [bib] [Tool paper describing PRISM.]
2001
  • [KNP01] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. PRISM: Probabilistic Symbolic Model Checker. In Proc. PAPM/PROBMIV'01 Tools Session, pages 7-12. Available as Technical Report 760/2001, University of Dortmund. September 2001. [ps.gz] [pdf] [bib] [Tool paper describing PRISM.]

PRISM-related tutorials and surveys

2017
  • [KNP17] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Probabilistic Model Checking: Advances and Applications. In R. Drechsler (editor), Formal System Verification, pages 73-121, Springer. June 2017. [pdf] [bib] [Provides an introduction to probabilistic model checking, including coverage of some recent advances in the field and a wide variety of examples and applications.]
2016
2014
  • [KT14] Marta Kwiatkowska and Chris Thachuk. Probabilistic Model Checking for Biology. In Software Safety and Security, IOS Press. 2014. [pdf] [bib] [A tutorial on the application of probabilistic model checking and PRISM to biological systems, including examples of DNA computation.]
2013
  • [Kwi13] Marta Kwiatkowska. From Software Verification to 'Everyware' Verification. Computer Science - Research and Development, 28(4), pages 295-310, Springer. November 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Summarises ongoing research into verification of 'everyware', including techniques and tools that improve, extend and connect to PRISM.]
  • [KP13] Marta Kwiatkowska and David Parker. Automated Verification and Strategy Synthesis for Probabilistic Systems. In Proc. 11th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (ATVA'13), volume 8172 of LNCS, pages 5-22, Springer. October 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Provides an overview of strategy synthesis techniques for probabilistic models.]
  • [NPS13] Gethin Norman, David Parker and Jeremy Sproston. Model Checking for Probabilistic Timed Automata. Formal Methods in System Design, 43(2), pages 164-190, Springer. September 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Survey/tutorial paper on probabilistic timed automata and techniques for their verification, and two illustrative case studies.]
  • [Kwi13b] Marta Kwiatkowska. Advances in Quantitative Verification for Ubiquitous Computing. In Proc. 10th International Colloquium on Theoretical Aspects of Computing (ICTAC'13), volume 8049 of LNCS, pages 42-58, Springer. September 2013. [pdf] [bib] [Invited paper on recent developments in quantitative verification for ubiquitous computing, illustrated by three PRISM case studies. ]
2012
  • [Kwi12] Marta Kwiatkowska. Sensing Everywhere: Towards Safer and More Reliable Sensor-enabled Devices. In Proc. 31st International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability and Security (SAFECOMP'12), Springer. September 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Invited talk on research directions for verification of sensor-enabled devices, including PRISM-based analyses.]
  • [KP12] Marta Kwiatkowska and David Parker. Advances in Probabilistic Model Checking. In Software Safety and Security - Tools for Analysis and Verification, volume 33 of NATO Science for Peace and Security Series - D: Information and Communication Security, pages 126-151, IOS Press. June 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Tutorial paper on probabilistic model checking, covering DTMCs, MDPs, quantitative abstraction refinement, PTAs and PRISM.]
2011
  • [FKNP11] Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Automated Verification Techniques for Probabilistic Systems. In M. Bernardo and V. Issarny (editors), Formal Methods for Eternal Networked Software Systems (SFM'11), volume 6659 of LNCS, pages 53-113, Springer. June 2011. [pdf] [bib] [Tutorial paper on probabilistic model checking, focusing on verification techniques for MDPs, accompanied by case studies and examples for PRISM.]
2010
  • [KNP10c] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Advances and Challenges of Probabilistic Model Checking. In Proc. 48th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control and Computing, pages 1691-1698, IEEE Press. Invited paper. October 2010. [pdf] [bib] [Gives a high-level overview of probabilistic model checking and PRISM; and surveys some current recent directions.]
  • [KNP10a] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Probabilistic Model Checking for Systems Biology. In M. Sriram Iyengar (editor), Symbolic Systems Biology, pages 31-59, Jones and Bartlett. May 2010. [pdf] [bib] [Tutorial on the application of probabilistic model checking and PRISM to systems biology, including an illustrative case study (FGF) and reader exercises.]
2009
  • [KNP09b] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Quantitative Verification Techniques for Biological Processes. In A. Condon, D. Harel, J. Kok, A. Salomaa and E. Winfree (editors), Algorithmic Bioprocesses, pages 391-409, Springer. August 2009. [pdf] [bib] [Tutorial paper on the application of probabilistic model checking and PRISM to biological systems, including an illustrative case study (MAPK cascade).]
  • [KNP09a] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. PRISM: Probabilistic Model Checking for Performance and Reliability Analysis. ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review, 36(4), pages 40-45, ACM. March 2009. [pdf] [bib] [Provides an overview of PRISM and its application to performance and and reliability analysis.]
2008
2007
  • [Kwi07] M. Kwiatkowska. Quantitative Verification: Models, Techniques and Tools. In Proc. 6th joint meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE), pages 449-458, ACM Press. September 2007. [pdf] [bib] [Overview of probabilistic model checking and PRISM, with a particular emphasis on DTMCs.]
  • [KNP07a] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. Stochastic Model Checking. In M. Bernardo and J. Hillston (editors), Formal Methods for the Design of Computer, Communication and Software Systems: Performance Evaluation (SFM'07), volume 4486 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Tutorial Volume), pages 220-270, Springer. June 2007. [pdf] [bib] [Tutorial paper covering probabilistic model checking of DTMCs/CTMCs and PRISM.]
2004
2003

Others

2020
  • [Eva20] Alexandros Evangelidis. Verified Control and Estimation for Cloud Computing. Ph.D. thesis, School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham. June 2020. [pdf] [bib] [Proposes techniques and tools for formal analysis of resource control and estimation mechanisms in cloud computing, building on probabilistic model checking and PRISM.]
  • [OPR20] Michael Oxford, David Parker and Mark Ryan. Quantitative Verification of Certificate Transparency Gossip Protocols. In Proc. 6th International Workshop on Security and Privacy in the Cloud (SPC'20), IEEE. To appear. June 2020. [pdf] [bib] [Analyses the effectiveness of certificate transparency gossiping protocols using probabilistic model checking and PRISM.]
2019
  • [PFF+19] Avi Pfeffer, Curt Wu, Gerald Fry, Kenny Lu, Steve Marotta, Mike Reposa, Yuan Shi, T. K. Satish Kumar, Craig A. Knoblock, David Parker, Irfan Muhammad and Chris Novakovic. Software Adaptation for an Unmanned Undersea Vehicle. IEEE Software, 36(2), pages 91-96, IEEE. March 2019. [pdf] [bib] [Summarises the PRINCESS project, which develops methods for adapting an optimising software at runtime, including mission verification using extensions of PRISM.]
2016
2014
  • [HBHS14] Fenglin Han, Jan Olaf Blech, Peter Herrmann and Heinz Schmidt. Towards Verifying Safety Properties of Real-Time Probabilistic Systems. In Proc. Formal Engineering Approaches to Software Components and Architectures (FESCA'14), EPTCS. 2014. [Presents an extension of the Reactive Blocks tool set for analysing probabilistic real-time systems, through a connection to PRISM.]
  • [DHK14] Frits Dannenberg, Ernst Moritz Hahn and Marta Kwiatkowska. Computing Cumulative Rewards using Fast Adaptive Uniformisation. ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation, Special Issue on Computational Methods in Systems Biology. 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Develops fast adaptive uniformisation techniques for cumulative reward properties, implemented in PRISM.]
  • [JD14] Yosr Jarraya and Mourad Debbabi. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of SysML activity diagrams. International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, 16(4), pages 399-419. 2014. [Presents a framework for probabilistic verification of SysML activity diagrams via a translation to PRISM.]
  • [NP14] Gethin Norman and David Parker. Quantitative Verification: Formal Guarantees for Timeliness, Reliability and Performance. A report by the London Mathematical Society and the Smith Institute. Edited by Robert Leese and Tom Melham. 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Gives a short, accessible introduction to quantitative verification, with a focus on model checking for timed and probabilistic systems.]
  • [BCC+14] Tomás Brázdil, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Martin Chmelík, Vojtěch Forejt, Jan Křetínský, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker and Mateusz Ujma. Verification of Markov Decision Processes using Learning Algorithms. In Proc. 12th International Symposium on Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis (ATVA'14), volume 8837 of LNCS, pages 98-114, Springer. November 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Presents MDP verification techniques, implemented in PRISM, based on real-time dynamic programming and delayed Q-learning.]
  • [DFK+14] Klaus Draeger, Vojtěch Forejt, Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker and Mateusz Ujma. Permissive Controller Synthesis for Probabilistic Systems. In Proc. 20th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS'14), volume 8413 of LNCS, pages 531-546, Springer. April 2014. [pdf] [bib] [Presents permissive controller synthesis techniques for stochastic games, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
  • [KPQU14] Marta Kwiatkowska, David Parker, Hongyang Qu and Mateusz Ujma. On Incremental Quantitative Verification for Probabilistic Systems. In Andrei Voronkov and Margarita Korovina (editors), HOWARD-60: A Festschrift on the Occasion of Howard Barringer's 60th Birthday, pages 245-257, Easychair. February 2014. [pdf] [bib] http://www.easychair.org/publications/?page=195264436 [Describes incremental methods for runtime probabilistic model checking, implemented in an extension of PRISM.]
2012
  • [BDE+12b] Christel Baier, Marcus Daum, Benjamin Engel, Hermann Härtig, Joachim Klein, Sascha Klüppelholz, Steffen Märcker, Hendrik Tews and Marcus Völp. Chiefly Symmetric: Results on the Scalability of Probabilistic Model Checking for Operating-System Code. In Proc. 7th Conference on Systems Software Verification (SSV'12), volume 102 of EPTCS. 2012. [Investigates symmetry reduction techniques for probabilistic model checking using models build with PRISM.]
  • [KNP12b] Marta Kwiatkowska, Gethin Norman and David Parker. The PRISM Benchmark Suite. In Proc. 9th International Conference on Quantitative Evaluation of SysTems (QEST'12), pages 203-204, IEEE CS Press. September 2012. [pdf] [bib] [Introduces a suite of PRISM models/properties and other resources for benchmarking and testing.]
2011
2006
2004
2003
2002
2000

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